ocr: from this time onward- -became little more than vassals of Rome, and their territorial expansion was checked. In the long run this undoubtedly had beneficial effects: it encouraged these enterprising Arabs to seek other outlets for their energies. It is from this time on that they began wholeheartedly to adopt the material civilization of their more advanced neighbors and to institute the agricultural exploitation of their territories that was soon to become the mainstay of their economy and was to shield them from economic ruin when, at a later date, the Arabian trade declined in importance a ...